نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه تکثیر و پرورش آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
2 گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
3 گروه مدیریت و تغذیه حیوانات، دانشکده علوم حیوانات و داروهای دامپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی سوئد، اوپسالا، سوئد.
چکیده
این تحقیق جهت بررسی تاثیر دو گونه از پروبیوتیک های جنس لاکتوباسیلوس، لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس و لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس (Lactobacillus acidophilus و Lactobacillus bulgaricus) و عصاره قارچ دکمه ای(Agaricus bisporus) به صورت مجزا و توام بر فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی، ترکیب لاشه، بازماندگی، رشد و فلور میکروبی روده در ماهی زبرا (Danio rerio) انجام شد. برای این منظور، 7 جیره آزمایشی در 3 تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بچه ماهیان یک ماهه زبرا با میانگین وزنی1± 75/9میلی گرم به مدت 60 روز با جیره های آزمایشی شامل: جیره فاقد پروبیوتیک و پربیوتیک (جیره یک)، جیره حاوی 1% عصاره قارچ دکمه ای به عنوان پربیوتیک (جیره دو)، جیره حاوی 107 سلول بر گرم جیره باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس (جیره سه)، جیره حاوی 107 سلول بر گرم جیره باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس (جیره چهار)، جیره حاوی 107 سلول بر گرم جیره باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس به همراه 1% عصاره قارچ دکمه ای (جیره پنج)، جیره حاوی 107 سلول بر گرم جیره باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس به همراه 1% عصاره قارچ دکمه ای (جیره شش)، جیره حاوی 107 سلول بر گرم جیره باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس اسیدوفیلوس و لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس به همراه 1% عصاره قارچ دکمه ای (جیره هفت) تغذیه شدند و در انتهای دوره جهت بررسی فاکتورهای مذکور نمونه برداری به طور تصادفی صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین افزایش رشد، نرخ رشد ویژه و کمترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمارهای سینبیوتیکی مشاهده شد که با تیمار شاهد اختلاف معنادار داشت (05/0>P)؛ با این حال، در میزان بازماندگی تمامی تیمارها با گروه شاهد اختلاف معنادار مشاهده نشد (05/0<P)، همچنین، بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی در تیمار تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی هفت مشاهده شد که با سایر تیمارها و تیمار شاهد دارای تفاوت معنادار بود (05/0>P)، در ارتباط با ترکیب شیمیایی بدن، میزان پروتئین در تیمار تغذیه شده با جیره هفت مشاهده گردید که با تیمار شاهد تفاوت معنادار داشت (05/0>P)؛ اگرچه، این تفاوت در میزان چربی، خاکستر و رطوبت بدن بین تیمار شاهد با سایر تیمارها معنادار نبود (05/0<P). تعداد کل باکتری های فلور میکروبی روده و باکتری های اسیدلاکتیک در انتهای دوره در تمانی تیمارها با گروه شاهد اختلاف معنادار داشت (05/0>P)؛ اگرچه، در تعداد این باکتریها 10 روز پس از توقف افزودن مکمل ها در جیره های آزمایشی با تیمار شاهد تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، افزودن سینبیوتیک حاوی پروبیوتیک های مذکور جنس لاکتوباسیلوس و عصاره قارچ دکمه ای به عنوان سینبیوتیک میتواند تاثیر مثبتی در شاخص های رشد و آنزیم های گوارشی ماهی زبرا گذاشته و افزودن این ترکیب در جیره غذایی ماهی زبرا توصیه می گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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