نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، خرمشهر، ایران.

2 گروه شیلات، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق، مطالعه بر روی تاثیر تخمیر با ماده زمینه جامد روی خصوصیات کیفی، فعالیت آنزیمی و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی پودر ماهی کیلکای آنچوی بود. پودر ماهی کیلکا آنچوی با 25 درصد آرد گندم مخلوط و سپس با میکروارگانیسم­ ها (108 سلول در هر میلی­لیتر) تلقیح گردید و در انکوباتور در دمای 37 درجه سانتی­ گراد به مدت 14 روز نگهداری شد. مقایسه شاخص­ های اکسیداسیون و هیدرولیز چربی در سیلاژ ماهی کیلکا آنچوی تلقیح شده با میکروارگانیسم­ ها نشان داد که S. cerevisiae دارای کمترین میزان اسیدهای چرب آزاد (62/7 میکرو مول بر گرم ماهی) و پراکسید (47/12 میلی اکی والان بر 1000 گرم روغن) بود. کمترین میزان نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی در سیلاژ ماهی کیلکا آنچوی تلقیح شده با L. plantarum و B. subtilis مشاهده شد. کمترین میزان تیوباربیتوریک اسید (10/8 میلی­گرم مالون آلدهید اکیوالان بر کیلوگرم نمونه) در سیلاژ ماهی تلقیح شده با قارچ A. niger مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم­های آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئاز اسیدی به ترتیب در سیلاژ ماهی تلقیح شده با قارچ A. niger و مخمرها (S. cerevisiae و S. carlesbergensis) مشاهده گردید. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و پروتئین خام در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با افزایش میزان سیلاژ ماهی، افزایش نشان دادند. بیشترین قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و پروتئین خام در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مربوط به S. cerevisiae بود (05/0<P). در مجموع نتایج نشان‌داد که S. cerevisiae بهترین خصوصیات کیفی، فعالیت آنزیمی و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی سیلاژ تخمیری را در مقایسه با دیگر سیلاژ ماهی تلقیح شده با سایر میکروارگانیسم ­ها داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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