علوم زیستی دریا
TAYEBEH ASADI; n z; s m; v y
Abstract
In the recent decades, using of herbs and herbal extracts as growth promoters and immunostimulants in aquaculture has been increased. In the current study, effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract on hematological and some serological parameters and growth performance of Barbus sharpeyi (Gunther, ...
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In the recent decades, using of herbs and herbal extracts as growth promoters and immunostimulants in aquaculture has been increased. In the current study, effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract on hematological and some serological parameters and growth performance of Barbus sharpeyi (Gunther, 1874( fingerlings were studied. Four levels of ginger extract including 0 (Control group), 0.1, 0.5 and 1 per cent were added to basic diet. Fish were fed twice a day as 3 per cent of body weight for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, biometry was performed and blood samples were collected from caudal vein. The results have shown that administration of ginger extract supplemented diets did not significantly affect growth indexes (WG and SGR) (p ≥ 0.05). On the other hand, different levels of ginger extract could significantly increase WBC count, hematocrit and some hematological parameters. Also, Serum lysozyme activity and serum total protein and albumin were significantly increased after using ginger extract (p ≤ 0.05). based on the results obtained from this study, ginger extract may be used as a growth promoter and immunostimulant in Barbus sharpeyi.
علوم زیستی دریا
h p; r a; a m
Abstract
To determine the cellular and adaptations changes in mitochondria -rich cells under different environmental salinities, Sparidentex hasta as a urihaline has been studied.180 fish weighing 150 ± 0.5 gr and 23±1 cm length, were directly exposure to (5 , 20 , 40 and 60ppt) salinitiesfor a ...
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To determine the cellular and adaptations changes in mitochondria -rich cells under different environmental salinities, Sparidentex hasta as a urihaline has been studied.180 fish weighing 150 ± 0.5 gr and 23±1 cm length, were directly exposure to (5 , 20 , 40 and 60ppt) salinitiesfor a week.Sampling was performed on days 1,2 and 7 and three fish from each tank ( 12 fish from each treatment ) were cached at each time. After preparing, samples fixed in glutaraldehyde 2/5 % solution and washed with 0.1M (pH=7.4) buffer phosphate. Samples were dehydrated in increasing ethanol series ( from 50 % to pure ethanol )followed by 100 % acetone.Tissue blocks were frozen by liquid nitrogen and then immediately followed by scanning electron microscope LEO ( Model 1455VP) with the voltage 15Kv. The upper levels of mitochondria -rich cells under scanning electron microscope revealed according to the apical openings, three types of mitochondria -rich cells derived apertures, shallow and deep recognizable.The number and size of mitochondria -rich cells in the apical openings in 60ppt salinity increase on the first day compared to rest of the treatments .During the experiment, the density and size of the openings in the mitochondria -rich cells in the lower salinity of the sea water was increased but in higher salinity of sea watersize and density of openingsincreased during experimental time.
علوم زیستی دریا
Leala Alami-Naysi; Mohammad Ali Salari-Aliabadi
Abstract
In order to investigate the population structure species of sea cucumber Holothuria parva in the two regions Bostaneh Port and Dayer Port, 16S rRNA gene sequencing method was used. In total, 417 nucleotide locus were determined, after investigating in the NCBI database, sequences were consistent with ...
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In order to investigate the population structure species of sea cucumber Holothuria parva in the two regions Bostaneh Port and Dayer Port, 16S rRNA gene sequencing method was used. In total, 417 nucleotide locus were determined, after investigating in the NCBI database, sequences were consistent with 16S rRNA gene and Samples were verified to belong to the species of H. parva. In total four haplotypes were identified, one of which was common in both regions. Bostaneh Port had 3 haplotypes and Dayer Port had 2 haplotypes. Haplotype diversity was estimated to be 83 percent in Bostaneh Port and 50 percent in Dayer Port. Estimated Nucleotide diversity in Bostaneh and Dayer Ports were measured 0.007 and 0.002 respectively. Low genetic differentiation (Fst=0.000), divergences rate (Dxy= 0.0048) and high gene flow (Nm=1874) between the two regions were estimated. Based on this study Bostaneh and Dayer Port samples have probably diverged from an identical population since a high gene flow and low differentiation is observed among them. There is also a common haplotype, suggesting a common ancestor of H. parva in two regions.
علوم زیستی دریا
Abstract
Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricate) as endangered species on the southern coast of Iran, is facing numerous threats that significantly reduced this rare species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of Hawksbill babies in artificial light. This study was done in the sandy ...
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Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricate) as endangered species on the southern coast of Iran, is facing numerous threats that significantly reduced this rare species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of Hawksbill babies in artificial light. This study was done in the sandy protected beach in Kish Island, Persian Gulf. The effects of light on sea turtle babies with two treatments were examined. According to region conditions, the first treatment is flashing, directly and horizontal light (represents the lights of the cars that crossing from backshore road) and the second treatment is indirect, vertical light (indicator the lights of lamps in the road). Data of each treatment were compared by using paired T-test. The result of T-test in first treatment showed, significant difference between the number of sea turtle babies who deviated by flashing lights. However, the result of T-test in second treatment showed, there is no significant difference between the number of sea turtle babies who deviated by vertical lights. As a result, lamps of crossing car are more destructive than vertical lamps of road. Of course, both of them are destructive and should adopt the management solutions to reduce the light sources particularly lights of crossing cars.
علوم زیستی دریا
f kh; Hossein Zolgharnien; Bita Archangi; Ebrahim Rajabzadeh; Ahmad Qasemi
Abstract
According to the importance of growth hormone gene in aquaculture, in this study, cloning of gowth hormone gene of Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) was examined in pTZ57R/T vector.For this purpose, growth hormone cDNA was preparated and amplified using specific designed primers. PCR product ...
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According to the importance of growth hormone gene in aquaculture, in this study, cloning of gowth hormone gene of Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) was examined in pTZ57R/T vector.For this purpose, growth hormone cDNA was preparated and amplified using specific designed primers. PCR product was purified by QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit, Growth hormone gene was inserted in pTZ57R/T vector. Ligation product was transformed into competent E.coli (DH5α) cells. The white clones selected on the LB media and were extracted plasmid as recombinant bacteria .verified clones obtained in this study were performed by direct PCR and sequencing methods Orange-spotted grouper growth hormone cDNA contains an open reading frame consisting of 615 nucleotides and 204 amino acid protein. The calculated molecular weight and isoelectric point of growth hormone protein were respectively 23.014 and 6.9. Results of this study suggested that growth hormone gene of Orange-spotted grouper was successfully cloned in the pTZ57R/T vector, and can be used for growth hormone gene expression in expression vectors and growth hormone protein production. Comparison of gene sequences obtained with E.coioides GH gene sequence in gene bank, indicate sequence similarity between them.
علوم زیستی دریا
Atousa Nouri Koupaei; Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi; Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi; Seyyed MohammadReza Fatemi
Abstract
The order Zoantharia (Zoanthids) is one of the most neglected orders of Cnidarians in the Persian Gulf. The present study aims to investigate the biodiversity of this order with morphological and molecular examination in Hormoz Island. For this purpose 34 colonies of zoanthids with variety of shape and ...
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The order Zoantharia (Zoanthids) is one of the most neglected orders of Cnidarians in the Persian Gulf. The present study aims to investigate the biodiversity of this order with morphological and molecular examination in Hormoz Island. For this purpose 34 colonies of zoanthids with variety of shape and colors have been collected of intertidal and shallow water region of Hormoz Island. After sampling, morphological characteristic of each specimen were recorded based in situ photographs. Then DNA was extracted using the CTAB- Chloroform method and mt 16s rDNA gene fragment was amplified and sequenced. The results of preliminary morphological identification integrated with mitochondrial marker sequencing demonstrated the presence of at least three different species in Hormoz Island; Zoanthus sansibaricus, Palythoa cf. mutuki and Palythoa tuberculosa. Although at first sight, morphological characteristics were not successful to identify zoanthid to the species level, after molecular identification they establish as reliable criteria to identify and delineate species.
علوم زیستی دریا
mohsen heidari; hossein zolgharnine; n s; a m
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of hydroalchoholic extractions of three species of green, brown and red algae. The highest and the lowest total phenol contents was in L. snyderia (113/9±0/69 mg gallic acid per gram of extract) and the green algae E. intestinalis ...
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of hydroalchoholic extractions of three species of green, brown and red algae. The highest and the lowest total phenol contents was in L. snyderia (113/9±0/69 mg gallic acid per gram of extract) and the green algae E. intestinalis (72/36±6/05 mg gallic acid per gram of extract) respectively. The highest values of total flavonoid was founded in the red algae L. snyderia (41/05±1/95 mg Rutin per gram of extract) however, the lowest values was (12/7±0/41 mg Rutin per gram of extract) in the brown alga C. trinodis. L. snyderia showed the most antioxidant activity, and C. trinodis had lowest amounts of antioxidant potential by the radical, azinobis ethylen benz thiazoline sulphonic acid (ABTS) test. there were significant differences between anti-oxidant activities of algae according the ABTS test.
علوم زیستی دریا
parva safari; masud rezaei; amir reza shaviklo; elham garmsiri; aria babakhani
Abstract
Natural antioxidants are more safe and healthy than synthetics antioxidants. The natural antioxidants aren’t limited to terrestrial sources. It’s documented that marine seaweeds are a rich source of natural antioxidant components. In this study, the antioxidant potential of two species namely ...
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Natural antioxidants are more safe and healthy than synthetics antioxidants. The natural antioxidants aren’t limited to terrestrial sources. It’s documented that marine seaweeds are a rich source of natural antioxidant components. In this study, the antioxidant potential of two species namely Chaetomorpha sp and Colpomenia sinuosa and effect of different solvents on antioxidant compounds extraction were studied. The algal materials were extracted by conventional solvent extraction during 24 hours in room temperature (26-28 ) using acetone, ethanol, methanol (30/70%) and water (100). Total phenolic contents, ferric reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity were measured in different extracts. The data showed acetone extracts have more potential to extraction antioxidant and polyphenolic compounds in comparison with other treatments. Also, it’s revealed that Chaetomorpha sp had the highest phenolic contents, ferric reducing power and total antioxidant capacity but lower radical scavenging activity than Colpomenia sinuosa. The difference in antioxidant compounds extraction can be related to the solvents type, target compounds and algal species. These algae can be applied in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural antioxidants sources.
علوم زیستی دریا
mohsen heidari; hossein zolgharnine; nasrin sakhaei; abdolali movahedinia; a m
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate of bio diversity and density of brown algae in coast of Bushehr province in the Persian Gulf during warm and cold seasons. The most and lowest density of brown algae was in the spring (33±20Number in m2) and in autumn(17± 9Number in m2) respectively. The highest ...
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate of bio diversity and density of brown algae in coast of Bushehr province in the Persian Gulf during warm and cold seasons. The most and lowest density of brown algae was in the spring (33±20Number in m2) and in autumn(17± 9Number in m2) respectively. The highest density was belonged to species of Cystoserria myrica with(41±25)and it was dominant species among the six species of brown algae were sampled. The most of Margalef index(0/438) was observe at the mid, and mid litoral zone. The maximum value of the Shannon index(0/94) was belonged to the low, mid litoral zone. Most of species richness and dominance was revealed at autumn and highest indices of Shannon(0/76) was at spring. Brown algae in the spring had the most density (33±20/86 Number in m2). Species richness was detected the highest and lowest in Nuclear power Plant and Ganaveh stations in two seasons respectively. Higher levels of dominance and low diversity was in within the tidal zone.
علوم زیستی دریا
Sima Sarmadian; Alireza Safahieh; Hossein Zolgharnein; Bita Archangi; Mahmood Hashemi Tabar
Abstract
Heavy metals in high concentrations in the environment, is caused serious damage in metabolic, physiologic and structural organisms. Cadmium as the second most toxic metal in marine environments is considered. Bivalvia especially oysters are Suitable bioindicators due to its high filtration rates, immobility ...
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Heavy metals in high concentrations in the environment, is caused serious damage in metabolic, physiologic and structural organisms. Cadmium as the second most toxic metal in marine environments is considered. Bivalvia especially oysters are Suitable bioindicators due to its high filtration rates, immobility and lack of regulatory systems for removing of heavy metals. Crassostrea sp. is new species has wide distribution in Bandar Emam Khomeini. This species is the best for using toxicity testing to determine the effects of heavy metal pollutants in the environment. The aim this study is determination of Medium Lethal Concentration (LC5096h), Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentration (MATC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) of Cadmium in Crassostrea sp. oyster. Fifty oysters (5.3±0.76 gr) were collected from Bandar Emam Khomaini and transported to laboratory. After Acclimatization (for 7 days), the 96-h LC50 tests were conducted (static Method) according to standard instruction O.E.C.D. The 96 h LC50, NOEC and LOEC were 15.8, 1.58 and 2.9 mg/l respectively. The LC50 correlation whit in 24 h and 96 h were showed Linear equation y=-0.4225x+54.35.
علوم زیستی دریا
m h; i gh
Abstract
به منظور پایش زمین شیمی پهنه کارون-اروند و بررسی پیامدهای زیستی ناهنجاریهای احتمالی به ویژه در خلیج فارس، فراوانی شاخصهای فیزیکوشیمیایی، عناصر اصلی و برخی آنیونهای ...
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به منظور پایش زمین شیمی پهنه کارون-اروند و بررسی پیامدهای زیستی ناهنجاریهای احتمالی به ویژه در خلیج فارس، فراوانی شاخصهای فیزیکوشیمیایی، عناصر اصلی و برخی آنیونهای فرعی 33 نمونه گردآوری شده از 6 مقطع حوضه کاون-اروند با بهرهگیری از روشهای تیتراسیون و فتومتر شعلهای تعیین گردید. بر اساس دادههای حاصل کمترین و بیشترین فراوانی T.D.S و سختی کل به ترتیب در مقاطع ایذه-باغملک ( 66/355 و 239 ppm) و آبادان (5/2867 و 825 ppm) مشاهده میگردد. PH رودخانه نیز در تمامی طول مسیر، تغییر شاخصی نشان نمیدهد. میانگین سالانه فراوانی عناصر مختلف نیز عبارتند از: Cl=507.92 > Na=324.72 > S=323.3 > Ca=122.86 > K=3.75. بررسی شاخصهای محیطی تأیید می-کند که شرایط اقلیمی و زمینشناسی به ویژه در نواحی مرکزی و جنوبی، سهم به سزایی در افزایش حجم ذرات معلق، سختی کل و فراوانی Na، Ca و S دارد. فعالیت های انسانزاد به خصوص پساب کارخانه صابونسازی خرمشهر را می توان مؤثرترین عامل افزایش غلظت Cl در مقاطع خرمشهر و آبادان برشمرد. ضریب بالای همبستگی (>9/0) عناصر قلیایی با سختی کل، نشان از رژیم کربناته آب پهنه کارون-اروند در بسیاری از مقاطع دارد که این امر نیز از بستر آهکی-تبخیری آن ناشی می شود. با وجود افینیتهی قوی فلزات قلیایی نظیر سدیم و پتاسیم به فسفات، .
علوم زیستی دریا
Rahman Alimi; Ahmad Savari; Abdolali Movahedinia; Mohammad Zakeri; Negin Salamat
Abstract
Cartilaginous fishes were used urea for osmoregulation of their internal fluids. There are several studies on osmoregulation of sharks but investigate the role of reproduction season and body lenght on the concentration of osmolytes is necessary. In this investigation, 36 individual of Brown banded Bamboo ...
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Cartilaginous fishes were used urea for osmoregulation of their internal fluids. There are several studies on osmoregulation of sharks but investigate the role of reproduction season and body lenght on the concentration of osmolytes is necessary. In this investigation, 36 individual of Brown banded Bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium punctatum) in both autumn (before reproduction) and spring (period of reproduction) seasons were caught from Moussa Creek located at the northern of Persian Gulf. After weighing, biometry, sex determination and the numbering of sharks. Electrolyte analyzer and auto analyzer were used to measuring electrolyte and urea concentration. The results showed that blood osmolytes of sharks in the male and female sex were no significant differences (P>0/05). But, there was a significant difference between the concentrations of these substances in the autumn and spring season (P
علوم زیستی دریا
shafa hoveizavy; ahmad savari; simin madiseh; babak doustshenas; hosein pasha
Volume 11, Issue 1 , November 2012, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
Presence of each pollution and changing in the marine ecosystem have sever impacts on Biotic factors and economic ecological potential in this valuable area. Thus, ecological health monitoring to evaluation of habitat health are important.In this study, AMBI(Azti Marine Biology Index) was used to evaluation ...
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Presence of each pollution and changing in the marine ecosystem have sever impacts on Biotic factors and economic ecological potential in this valuable area. Thus, ecological health monitoring to evaluation of habitat health are important.In this study, AMBI(Azti Marine Biology Index) was used to evaluation health of Bahrakan coastal area as a main fisheries and petroleum extraction ground. The results showed studied area classified in good ecological status. The dominance species was from Ophiuridae family with ecological group II. based on richness and diversity index value, studied area are classified in bad ecological status. This results discordantly can caused due to differences in influences variable. Low rate of water exchange, high degree of temperature and salinity maybe were lead to decreasing in macrobenthic richness and diversity index values but AMBI result that get from ratio between sensitive and resistant species, shows good ecological status.
علوم زیستی دریا
Ebrahim Alizadeh Doughikollaee; Mohammad Nouri; Naser Agh
Volume 11, Issue 2 , November 2012, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Effect of salinity levels on density and population growth of parthenogenetic Artemia were studied. Cysts were hatched and 200 nauplii were transferred into cylindro-conical containers (1.5 liter) containing one-liter water at different salinities (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppt) and cultured until maturity. ...
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Effect of salinity levels on density and population growth of parthenogenetic Artemia were studied. Cysts were hatched and 200 nauplii were transferred into cylindro-conical containers (1.5 liter) containing one-liter water at different salinities (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppt) and cultured until maturity. After maturity, 3 female parthenogenetic Artemia wereselected randomly from each of the five levels of salinity and cultured in 4 replicates for 12 weeks. The growing Artemia were categorized into four population groups (1) nauplii and meta-nauplii, (2) juvenile Artemia (3) pre-adult Artemia, and (4) adult Artemia and were counted once a week. Results showed that the density of adults, nauplii and meta-nauplii were higher in 100 ppt. The maximum population of pre-adult and juvenile Artemia were found at 50 ppt. The density of adult Artemia increased while density of other categories decreased during culture period. Based on our findings, an inverse relationship between salinity and population of parthenogenetic Artemia were observed. Results indicated that lower salinities are more suitable for population growth of parthenogenetic Artemia.
علوم زیستی دریا
Fatemeh Fadakar Masouleh; Bagher Mojazi Amiri; Alireza Mirvaghefi; Mohammad Ali Nematollahi
Volume 11, Issue 1 , November 2012, , Pages 31-40
Abstract
Cadmium is one the common heavy metals that usually enters the Caspian Sea and the riverine ecosystems. Effect of Cadmium on spermatogenesis in Caspian kutum and motility of spermatozoa were studied. At first, kutum testis was exposed to Cadmium using in vitro testis culture in 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 M ...
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Cadmium is one the common heavy metals that usually enters the Caspian Sea and the riverine ecosystems. Effect of Cadmium on spermatogenesis in Caspian kutum and motility of spermatozoa were studied. At first, kutum testis was exposed to Cadmium using in vitro testis culture in 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 M concentration of CdCl2 solution for 3 and 6 days and in the second experiment, spermatozoa motility was evaluated after exposure to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l of CdCl2 solutions. With the increase in Cadmium concentration, due to the reclining effect of Cadmium on spermatogenesis, the number of spermatocytes and size of germ cells decreased significantly. Motility of spermatozoa decreased significantly with increasing Cadmium concentration and its motility stopped in 1000 mg/l. Reduction in quality and quantity of germ cells could impair offspring production and recline their viability and thus posing threats on valuable kutums stocks.
علوم زیستی دریا
Gholamreza Eskandari; Ahmad Savari; Perita Kochanian; Aseiied aminollah Taghavi Motlagh
Volume 11, Issue 1 , November 2012, , Pages 49-57
Abstract
In the present study, length structure, mortality and exploitation rate of Otolithes ruber during a ten-year period were studied. Sampling was carried out by using bottom trawl net in the fishing area in Northwest of Persian Gulf over 1 year study period. Length data was also collected from fisheries ...
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In the present study, length structure, mortality and exploitation rate of Otolithes ruber during a ten-year period were studied. Sampling was carried out by using bottom trawl net in the fishing area in Northwest of Persian Gulf over 1 year study period. Length data was also collected from fisheries research institute and fishery organization. Age determination was done by reading annual rings on sectioned otolith. Growth parameters were calculated based on age and length data. These data were used to estimate natural mortality rate. Total mortality was obtained from the age curve. Logarithmic catch and natural mortality were calculated from Pauly's equation. The averages of length in the last ten years were 35 to 39 cm. The samples ranged in length from 12 to 58 cm with the maximum frequencies between 28-44 cm. Length distribution was normal in this study. The maximum catch was composed of fish in the 40 to 48 cm length range with an average age of 2 to 3 years. The average total mortality, natural mortality and fishing mortality were 0.98, 0.56, and 0.42 respectively. Mortality was higher in age group 0 and age group 1, but mortality of the other age groups dramatically decreased. Exploitation rate in the last ten years were 0.42 indicating a near complete exploitation. Based on the results a more effective exploitation strategy is suggested in this region.