علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Abbas Modheji; Yadollah Nikppour Ghanavati; Arash Larki; Foad Buazar
Abstract
Measurement of heavy metals in water, sediment and fish has always been a measure of environmental pollution and its impact on the human ecosystem. In this study, sampling was done from Khorramshahr fish market and sampling of Lutjanidae, Sciaenidae, Cynolossidae, Psettodidae, Stromateidae and shrimp ...
Read More
Measurement of heavy metals in water, sediment and fish has always been a measure of environmental pollution and its impact on the human ecosystem. In this study, sampling was done from Khorramshahr fish market and sampling of Lutjanidae, Sciaenidae, Cynolossidae, Psettodidae, Stromateidae and shrimp muscle. According to the results, the concentration of Fe heavy metal was higher than all other metals in all studied samples. Concentration changes were observed for other heavy metals in fish muscle tissue and shrimp Metapenaeus affinis, respectively, Zn> Cu> Ni> Pb> Cd. The highest concentrations of Cd and Pb in salted and shelled fish with 0.19 and 0.24 µg / g and for Fe and Zn in salted fish were 14.14 and 8.42 µg / g, respectively. Metals were measured with concentrations of 20.9 and 9.98, respectively. Iron and zinc concentrations in shrimp were 32.13 and 15.18 µg / g, in nickel fish 0.29 µg / g and finally, the highest concentration of Pb was observed in shrimp fish with 0.24 µg / g. The highest amount of contamination was observed in shrimp and Fe metal with a concentration of 32.13 µg / g. Whereas, the least contamination was observed in white halva. The reason for this was that the cadmium content was lower than the detection range.
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Zeynab Sepahvand; Mahmoud Nassiri; Rouholla Heydari; Sayyed Hossein Hashemi
Abstract
In this study, a sensitive and economical method is suggested for the rapid determination of formaldehyde in seawater samples. This method is based on the reaction of formaldehyde with 5, 5-di methyl-1, 3-cyclohexane dion (dimedone) in the presence of ammonium acetate. After the reaction of derivative, ...
Read More
In this study, a sensitive and economical method is suggested for the rapid determination of formaldehyde in seawater samples. This method is based on the reaction of formaldehyde with 5, 5-di methyl-1, 3-cyclohexane dion (dimedone) in the presence of ammonium acetate. After the reaction of derivative, a mixture of 900 µL of ethanol as a dispersive solvent and 100 µL of chloroform as an extraction solvent was rapidly injected into a water sample containing formaldehyde. Their concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically in micro-cuvettes at 395 nm. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of (0.1-100) µg/L with the detection limit of 0.02 µg/L and limit of quantification of 0.07 µg/L for formaldehyde. Parameters affecting extraction efficiency including pH, type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, and amount of dimedone, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the linearity of the technique was in the range of 0.1-100.0 µg. L-1 with a detection limit of 0.02 µg. L-1 for the same compound. The relative recoveries of formaldehyde from seawater samples at spiking levels of 10 µg. L-1 were between 97.0-99.4%. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of formaldehyde in seawater of Chabahar Bay.
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Minoo Pouraghabarar; Mojtaba S. Taleshi; Mohammad Javad Chaichi
Abstract
The mineral resources of the Caspian Sea attract the most attention and this region been one of the most significant geopolitical and economic centers in Eurasia. The utilization of valuable minerals will have a significant effect on the economic development of the region. The sea is a rich source of ...
Read More
The mineral resources of the Caspian Sea attract the most attention and this region been one of the most significant geopolitical and economic centers in Eurasia. The utilization of valuable minerals will have a significant effect on the economic development of the region. The sea is a rich source of lithium; its analysis in the Caspian Sea has been evaluated using the flame atomic emission spectroscopy as a simple, fast and reliable method with high accuracy and sensitivity. In this study, water samples were collected from estuaries, surface and depth waters of Babolsar, Mahmoudabad, Freydonkenar in the central southern coast of the Caspian Sea. After sample treatments, the lithium in water samples was measured by standard addition and atomic emission spectrophotometer. The average amount of lithium were determined in estuaries: 15.3±1.1, 14.6±2.2 and 42.3±3.3 µgL-1, in surface waters: 181.7±60.9, 220.0±28.0 and 222.2±10.8 µgL-1, in depth waters 143.7±1.8, 175.8±4.2 and 196.2±5.2 µgL-1 in stations Babolsar, Freydonkenar and Mahmoudabad respectively. The results show that concentration of lithium is reduced with increasing distance from the coastline. The difference between lithium concentration in surface and depth waters have not showed a significant difference in three stations.
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Mahmoud Nassiri; Morteza Ziyaadini; Kamalodin Kor
Abstract
Abstract:Environmental pollution imposes serious hazards and problems to the living organisms. This study aimed to determine the concentration and seasonal alteration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) in the surface water of Chabahar Bay. Four replicated water samples ...
Read More
Abstract:Environmental pollution imposes serious hazards and problems to the living organisms. This study aimed to determine the concentration and seasonal alteration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) in the surface water of Chabahar Bay. Four replicated water samples were taken from the surface layers of seven stations in Chabahar Bay and prepared by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, before being injected into the Gas Chromatography with flame ionization detector. In this method, 0.5 ml of methanol (as diffusion solvent) and 20 µl of carbon tetrachloride (as extraction solvent) were injected quickly into the sea water samples, and after extraction, the deposited phase was taken by a Hamilton syringe and injected into the GC equipment for measurement. Under the optimum extraction and experimental conditions, the method yields a linear calibration curve in the concentration range from 10 to 600 µg/L for target analytes. The enrichment factors for DEHP and DnBP were 775 and 790, the correlation factor 0.997 and 0.997, the limits of detection were 0.04 and 1.78 µg/L and the relative standard deviations of DEHP and DnBP were 0.0036 and 0.058, respectively.The results revealed that the concentration of DEHP and DnBP differ considerably at different stations. Significant differences were also observed between the concentration of DEHP and DnBP at various stations (P ≤ 0.05).
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Mohsen Rezaei; alireza zarasvandi; majid heidari; ali azhdari
Abstract
In this study, the geochemistry of heavy metals in the discharged waters of 16 brine springs, namely Pirmusa, dual springs of Gare-bardi, triple springs of Ghale-Madreseh, Batvand, Kuhzar, Aghili, Keh-e-Salen (Hafttanan), Ghasemabad, Ispareh, Garu, Dobalutan and Ramshir were evaluated. Most of the studied ...
Read More
In this study, the geochemistry of heavy metals in the discharged waters of 16 brine springs, namely Pirmusa, dual springs of Gare-bardi, triple springs of Ghale-Madreseh, Batvand, Kuhzar, Aghili, Keh-e-Salen (Hafttanan), Ghasemabad, Ispareh, Garu, Dobalutan and Ramshir were evaluated. Most of the studied springs are discharged first in Karun river and finally to Persian Gulf. The assessments show that except for Ramshir and Garu spines cropping out in Mishan and Asmari Formations, respectively most of other brine springs are located in the evaporative Ghachsaran Formation. The maximum discharge ranges between 2 Lit/Sec (Ramshir and Ghale-Madreseh springs) and 330 Lit/Sec (Garu spring). The assessment of heavy metals dispersion and comparing with the standards of World Health Organization (WHO) and institute of standards and industrial research of Iran reveal that metals such as Hg, As and Pb are exceed than standards. Highlightly, Ramshir springs show variable degree of Cd enrichment. In the studied springs, the metal index is more than 1.
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Hadis Koopi; Foad Buazar
Abstract
Nanoparticle biosynthesis is considered an important part of nanotechnology which is economically viable; it is an environmentally-friendly procedure with great advantages compared to physical and chemical ones. In the present study, a green approach is presented for the first time for producing alpha ...
Read More
Nanoparticle biosynthesis is considered an important part of nanotechnology which is economically viable; it is an environmentally-friendly procedure with great advantages compared to physical and chemical ones. In the present study, a green approach is presented for the first time for producing alpha aluminum oxide nanoparticles using Sargassum ilicifolium algae in which its methanolic algae extract was employed as a reducing agent and stabilizer layer. Under optimal conditions of 25ºC and pH=4, 10% of algae extract concentration and 0.05M Al2(SO4)3 salt, aluminum cations were reduced completely to nanoscale phase within 24 hours. Nanoparticle formation was confirmed through UV-Vis technique at wavelength of 225nm. XRD technique confirms the formation of alpha aluminum oxide size 35 nanometers in a hexagon shape. The results of TEM confirms the spherical almost shape of the produced nanoparticle, the results of SEM shows the average size 33.40 of the nanoparticle, and the results of EDX indicated the purity of the produced nanoparticle which is formed of only oxygen and aluminum atoms.
علوم غیرزیستی دریا
Arash Larki; Seyyed Jafar Saghanezhad
Abstract
In this study, the removal of congo red and erythrosine as anionic dyes were investigated by using the cucurbit[6]uril nonporous as a new adsorbent. In the proposed mythology, the Batch removal method was applied. In order to obtain maximum removal efficiency, the effects of acidity of solution, adsorbent ...
Read More
In this study, the removal of congo red and erythrosine as anionic dyes were investigated by using the cucurbit[6]uril nonporous as a new adsorbent. In the proposed mythology, the Batch removal method was applied. In order to obtain maximum removal efficiency, the effects of acidity of solution, adsorbent dusage and contacting time were investigated and optimized. Adsorption experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the best-fitted data was obtained with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 128.2 mg g-1 and 95.9 mg g-1 for congo red and erythrosine, respectively. This method was successfully applied for the removal of congo red and erthrosine dyes from Karron and Bahmanshir water river and Persian Gulf water samples.
علوم زیستی دریا
Marjan Naseri Karimvand; yadollah nikpour; Ahmad Taghavi Moghadam; Kamal Ghanemi
Abstract
Gelatin is polypeptide with high molecular weight which is derived from collagen of connective tissue, skin, bone and tendons. The most common source of gelatin in the world is skin and bone of cow and pig. Gelatin from persian Gulfs jellyfish Crambionella orsini have been successfully extracted by alkaline ...
Read More
Gelatin is polypeptide with high molecular weight which is derived from collagen of connective tissue, skin, bone and tendons. The most common source of gelatin in the world is skin and bone of cow and pig. Gelatin from persian Gulfs jellyfish Crambionella orsini have been successfully extracted by alkaline extraction.We investigated the proximate composition, gel strength, gelling point, melting point of jellyfish gelatin. Jellyfish gelatin contained 13.1% moisture, 1.3% lipid, 2.4% ash, 78.2% protein. The gelatin showed a gel strength of 33 kPa, a gelling point of 18°C, and melting point of 23°C. The gelatin was composed of α1-chain, α2-chain, β-chain, and γ-chain Jellyfish gelatin did not show superior rheological properties to mammalian gelatin, like other fish gelatin; however, it can be used in various food and cosmetic products not requiring high gel strength.
علوم زیستی دریا
niloofar saki; yadollah nikpour ghanavaty; ahmad taghavi moghadam; kamal ghanemi
Abstract
Jellyfish is one of the poisonous animals that causing human poisoning. Found a variety of jellyfish in the Persian Gulf. Although These species cant Cause of quick death in humans But they have harmful effects on human health system and have Following are the side effects. In this study extracted Crambionella ...
Read More
Jellyfish is one of the poisonous animals that causing human poisoning. Found a variety of jellyfish in the Persian Gulf. Although These species cant Cause of quick death in humans But they have harmful effects on human health system and have Following are the side effects. In this study extracted Crambionella Orsini Jellyfish Venom According to Bloom method and was obtained its Concentration by Biuret method and Calculated LD50 by Jung and Choi method. According to Venom concentration and its LD50 was determined that Cause of death mice 0.5 ml of venom. The use of Na-EDTA for neutralizing venom. This Chelate Was injected In two ways to mice that In both methods, Prevented death. Na-EDTA is dedicated Chelate for Calcium excretion from body that According to nuclear calciums venom is able to separated that from Venom structure and neutralize venom.
علوم زیستی دریا
M. Parviz; yadollah nikpour; A. Taghavi Moghadam; K. Ghanemi
Abstract
In this paper, the nematocyst venom of jellyfish crambionella orsini were fractionated by size-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatography. crambionella orsini is famous jellyfish in Persian gulf. The results of mentioned methods has been investigated. The crambionella orsini venoms has hemolytic activity, ...
Read More
In this paper, the nematocyst venom of jellyfish crambionella orsini were fractionated by size-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatography. crambionella orsini is famous jellyfish in Persian gulf. The results of mentioned methods has been investigated. The crambionella orsini venoms has hemolytic activity, as the other species.After extraction of nematocyst venom, the crude venom has been partially purification by sephadex G-200 gel filtration and DEAE anion exchange chromatography. Protein elution was monitored by uv detection at 280 nm. For determine the hemolytic fraction, every fraction were injected to 3 mice via the tail vein. Finally, all data from both chromatography methods were compared. The gel filtrations first pick and the first and second pick of anion exchange chromatography showed hemolytic activity.Determination the appropriate method for purification of this venom can help to find a comprehensive method for another marine venom especially jellyfish venoms and eventually may be help to find specific antidote for jellyfish stings of these species.
علوم زیستی دریا
niloofar saki; yadollah nikpour ghanavaty; ahmad taghavi moghadam; kamal ghanemi
Abstract
The aim of this study is evaluate the effect of temperature changes to reduce toxicity, jellyfish venom Crambionella orsini. Venom extraction was done according to Bloom method. To breaking wall of nematocysts capsule, at first, sonication it and than The resulting solution was centrifuged. To evaluate ...
Read More
The aim of this study is evaluate the effect of temperature changes to reduce toxicity, jellyfish venom Crambionella orsini. Venom extraction was done according to Bloom method. To breaking wall of nematocysts capsule, at first, sonication it and than The resulting solution was centrifuged. To evaluate the effect of temperature on the venom, it is heated at different temperatures and then injected into SoRI mice. After catching jellyfish Crambionella orsini from Arvand nidstream estuary umbrellas edge and tentacles jellyfish were separated and put were in water that was removed on the same area. Toxins LD50 were calculated by Jung and Choi method .and using statistical analysis to obtain minimal lethal dose of poison done by the 2007Excel. The results showed that the venome of jellyfish Crambionella orsini, like venome of other animals is, based on a protein and that is sensitive to heat. This venome at a temperature of 48 °C is disabled and lose their structure and also its minimum lethal dose is 0.5 ml.
علوم زیستی دریا
s b; m m; a sh; m gh
Abstract
Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using biological methods is more efficient and eco-friendly than chemical methods. In this study, we have investigated extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sargassum anustifolium extract. The results recorded from UV–Vis spectrum, transmission ...
Read More
Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using biological methods is more efficient and eco-friendly than chemical methods. In this study, we have investigated extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sargassum anustifolium extract. The results recorded from UV–Vis spectrum, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) support the biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using this seaweed. After adding silver nitrate to Sargassum anustifolium extract, the brownish yellow color in mixture turned in to dark brown color over time. The maximum peak absorption of synthesized silver nanoparticles was observed at 406 nm indicating the reduction of silver ions and formation of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were predominately spherical shape and 32.54 nm size. According to the FT-IR analysis, the responsible compounds for reduction of silver ions into silver nanoparticles are phytochemical compounds of this seaweed.
علوم زیستی دریا
m h; i gh
Abstract
به منظور پایش زمین شیمی پهنه کارون-اروند و بررسی پیامدهای زیستی ناهنجاریهای احتمالی به ویژه در خلیج فارس، فراوانی شاخصهای فیزیکوشیمیایی، عناصر اصلی و برخی آنیونهای ...
Read More
به منظور پایش زمین شیمی پهنه کارون-اروند و بررسی پیامدهای زیستی ناهنجاریهای احتمالی به ویژه در خلیج فارس، فراوانی شاخصهای فیزیکوشیمیایی، عناصر اصلی و برخی آنیونهای فرعی 33 نمونه گردآوری شده از 6 مقطع حوضه کاون-اروند با بهرهگیری از روشهای تیتراسیون و فتومتر شعلهای تعیین گردید. بر اساس دادههای حاصل کمترین و بیشترین فراوانی T.D.S و سختی کل به ترتیب در مقاطع ایذه-باغملک ( 66/355 و 239 ppm) و آبادان (5/2867 و 825 ppm) مشاهده میگردد. PH رودخانه نیز در تمامی طول مسیر، تغییر شاخصی نشان نمیدهد. میانگین سالانه فراوانی عناصر مختلف نیز عبارتند از: Cl=507.92 > Na=324.72 > S=323.3 > Ca=122.86 > K=3.75. بررسی شاخصهای محیطی تأیید می-کند که شرایط اقلیمی و زمینشناسی به ویژه در نواحی مرکزی و جنوبی، سهم به سزایی در افزایش حجم ذرات معلق، سختی کل و فراوانی Na، Ca و S دارد. فعالیت های انسانزاد به خصوص پساب کارخانه صابونسازی خرمشهر را می توان مؤثرترین عامل افزایش غلظت Cl در مقاطع خرمشهر و آبادان برشمرد. ضریب بالای همبستگی (>9/0) عناصر قلیایی با سختی کل، نشان از رژیم کربناته آب پهنه کارون-اروند در بسیاری از مقاطع دارد که این امر نیز از بستر آهکی-تبخیری آن ناشی می شود. با وجود افینیتهی قوی فلزات قلیایی نظیر سدیم و پتاسیم به فسفات، .