علوم زیستی دریا
Sahar Ahmadvand; Solmaz Shirali; Nasrin Sakhaei; Babak Doustshenas
Abstract
The Unionidae family is the most abundant family among freshwater bivalves which belongs to the Unionida order. Considering the nutritional, economic and environmental importance of bivalve molluscs, as well as the lack of information related to freshwater mussels of the Unionida order, especially the ...
Read More
The Unionidae family is the most abundant family among freshwater bivalves which belongs to the Unionida order. Considering the nutritional, economic and environmental importance of bivalve molluscs, as well as the lack of information related to freshwater mussels of the Unionida order, especially the species belonging to the Unionidae family, as well as their global risk and concidering the importance of the ovary and the testis as an important organ of reproduction and survival and since histological studies are the most accurate method in determining the stages of the gonadal cycle, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the histology of oogenesis and spermatogenesis in Unio tigridis of the Karun River. Sampling was done seasonally. For this purpose, the studied species after catching in every season were transferred to the histological laboratory, then they were biometrically identified using valid identification books and keys. After dissection, small pieces of gonads were separated and after tissue passage, they were examined histologically and histometrically. The results of the histological studies of the gonads showed that this species is often heterosexual. The results of the histological studies of gonads showed that out of 41 oysters in this study, there was only one hermaphrodite, and testicular and ovarian tissue were simultaneously observed in the gonad tissue. The ovary was asynchronous type because, at any time, all types of follicles in different stages of development (oogonia, previtellogenic oocytes, vitellogenic oocytes) were visible in the ovaries. The highest rate of development and maturation of both male and female gonads was observed in spring. It seems that the main breeding time of Unio tigridis species in the Karun River in the study area is in spring.
علوم زیستی دریا
matin khaleghi; Ahmad Savari; Alireza Safahieh; Mohsen Hamidian pour; Sadroddin Ghaemmaghami
Abstract
This study was carried out in the Gowatr mangrove forests in Gulf of Oman, on September 2017 and May 2018 during high tide with the aim of quantifying production, biomass carbon stocks of Avicennia marina and introduce of PnET-CN model. The results was showed that the mean of aboveground biomass was ...
Read More
This study was carried out in the Gowatr mangrove forests in Gulf of Oman, on September 2017 and May 2018 during high tide with the aim of quantifying production, biomass carbon stocks of Avicennia marina and introduce of PnET-CN model. The results was showed that the mean of aboveground biomass was 28.09 ± 4.52 and 28.51 ± 4.49 t/ha, moreover, the mean of aboveground carbon stock was 11.22 ± 1.83 and 11.34 ± 1.7 t/ha, and the mean of primary production was 219.251 and 238.171 gC/m2.mo in September 2017 and May 2018, respectively. The estimated of the production and biomass carbon stocks using PnET-CN model was showed that the mean of production was 289.051 and 291.487 gC/m2.mo and the mean of aboveground biomass carbon was 12.29 and 12.76 t/ha in September 2017 and May 2018, respectively. The PnET-CN model could predict the effects of simultaneous changes in several environmental variables on the interactions among several ecosystem processes and it could estimate the amount of tree carbon stock and primary production with proper validation. PnET-CN model shown ecosystem models extended our understanding of the forest carbon cycle spatially and temporally and generated additional information about carbon stocks and fluxes.
علوم زیستی دریا
Rahim Abdi; Azam Asad Seftjani; Mohammad Ali Salari Aliabadi; Zahra Basir
Abstract
In order to study the effect of button mushroom compost, chemical fertilizer and superphosphate on head Kidney and some blood biochemical parameters in fresh water aquaculture, after transferring fish to pools with dimensions of one hectare with equal length and width with water height of two meters ...
Read More
In order to study the effect of button mushroom compost, chemical fertilizer and superphosphate on head Kidney and some blood biochemical parameters in fresh water aquaculture, after transferring fish to pools with dimensions of one hectare with equal length and width with water height of two meters from a single source for two months, received button mushroom compost and chemical fertilizer. In each of groups, about 20 pieces of healthy fish with the same biometric characteristics were taken. After performing the usual laboratory procedures, separation of ALT and AST enzymes was assessed by parsazmon laboratory kit. The ALP enzyme was also measured by nitrofenil phosphate P, which is based on its ability to break phosphate groups in acidic pH. LDH, TG, Alb, COL, Na, K and Ca were measured by using the parsazmon laboratory kits and autoanalyzer device and TP levels were measured by Bradford method. The levels of AST, ALT, Alb and Ca in the group two showed a significant decrease compared to the treatment group three in most of the species (p0.05). LDH, COL, ALP and Na did not differ significantly between the groups.TP, K and TG in the group two showed a significant increase compared to the group three (p0.05). According to the recent findings, it can be concluded that button mushroom compost can be used as a suitable substitute for chemical fertilizers in fresh water fish breeding ponds.
علوم زیستی دریا
Sanaz Ahmadi Falehi; Ahmad Savari; Nasrin Sakhaei; Faedeh Amini; Babak Doustshenas
Abstract
Planktonic crustaceans are of specific importance in energy transfer due to their location in the middle links of the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, they directly affect the abundance and diversity of the higher categories of the food pyramid, especially stocks and fishery resources. In ...
Read More
Planktonic crustaceans are of specific importance in energy transfer due to their location in the middle links of the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, they directly affect the abundance and diversity of the higher categories of the food pyramid, especially stocks and fishery resources. In this study, the impact of a tidal cycle on the zooplanktonic Crustacean ecosystem in the estuarine Bahmanshir River (Northwestern Persian Gulf) was studied. Our samples were collected during the spring of 2018 by plankton net with mesh sizes of 100 μm. Samples were taken at 5 stations to have a tidal effect on the abundance of zooplankton, approximately from 8:00 to 18:00 every two hours. In general, 72 species belonging to 28 families related to 3 groups of crustaceans named Cirripedia, Cladocera, and Copeoda were observed. The highest percentage of relative abundance was related to Cladocera with 35%, which was caused by the abundance of Daphnia mendotae. The highest diversity (Shannon index = 2.71 ± 0.04) of copepods was revealed to be caused by the large number of species at station 5 (near the mouth of the Bahmanshir River). Most species among the families belong to the Acartiidae family, which has 10 species of Acartia. The results of PCA analysis showed that among environmental factors, salinity has a direct effect on the total density, density of Harpacticoida and Calanoida, in the first component. The tides appear to significantly affect the density and types of planktonic crustaceans during the mentioned springtime periods. Our results showed relatively strong influence of the tidal cycle on the spatial pattern of Copepod assemblages in the study area. This study may be useful for future biological monitoring and seawater salinity intrusion into rivers in the northwest of the Persian Gulf.
علوم زیستی دریا
Halimeh Bameri; Mehran Loghmani; Gilan Attaran Fariman
Abstract
Polychaetes are important in determining the environmental status of seabed and their role in the food chain. Sampling of sediments in three areas of Beris, Ramin and Pasabandar was performed at 10 stations in the north of the Makoran Sea by Garb van-veen during three periods of pre-monsoon, monsoon, ...
Read More
Polychaetes are important in determining the environmental status of seabed and their role in the food chain. Sampling of sediments in three areas of Beris, Ramin and Pasabandar was performed at 10 stations in the north of the Makoran Sea by Garb van-veen during three periods of pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon winter with recordings of chemical physical parameters from November to March 2016. In the study identified 18 families of polychaetes communities it was found that the highest density in Monson period and in Post-Monsoon with 4364.67 ± 570 ind/m2 and the lowest density in Post-Manson period in Roman region with 225.33 ± 89 ind/m2. In the pasaBandar area, the highest percentages belonged to the families Spionidae, Maldanidae and Cirratulidae, and to the families of Nephtydae, Phyllodocidae and Cirratulidae and to the Ramin family's Orbiniidae, Maldanidae and Cirratulidae. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences between stations and time periods (P <0.05). The highest densities of the polychaetes were estimated in terms of the period of Monsoon> Pre-Monsoon> Post-Monsoon period, respectively. Results of correlation between polychaete density and environmental factors of grain size sediment and TOM in pre-monsoon period showed a positive and significant correlation. There was no positive and significant correlation with environmental factors in monsoon period (P <0.05), but there was a significant positive correlation with grain size in post-monsoon period (p<0.05). The results showed that winter monsoon causes significant changes in the populations of the studied areas and the increase in density in monsoon can be due to the change of the currents direction and consequent increase of nutrient load in the area.
علوم زیستی دریا
Mojdeh Miraki; Hormoz Sohrabi; Sima Sadeghi; Parviz Fatehi; Markus Immitzer
Abstract
Advances in remote sensing enable fast mangrove mapping the less need for intensive fieldwork, complex and heavy processing, and skill-based classification techniques. In this research, mangrove forest mapping was performed using Sentinel-2 satellite images in Google Earth Engine (GEE) in Hormozgan province ...
Read More
Advances in remote sensing enable fast mangrove mapping the less need for intensive fieldwork, complex and heavy processing, and skill-based classification techniques. In this research, mangrove forest mapping was performed using Sentinel-2 satellite images in Google Earth Engine (GEE) in Hormozgan province in three ecosystems of Qeshm, Khamir, and Sirik. For this purpose, all steps of mapping these forests, including pre-processing and classification were performed in the GEE. The Modular Mangrove Recognition Index (MMRI) and classic spectral indices were also used to highlight the spectral differentiation of mangrove cover from the surroundings. To classify the image of the study area, three land cover classes were used: mangrove, non-mangrove, and sea (water). The classification was performed based on the random forest algorithm and accuracy assessment was evaluated in R software based on the K-fold validation method. The Qeshm site was demonstrated the highest accuracy among the three ecosystems with an overall accuracy of 98% and a kappa of 0.73. Khamir and Sirik sites were shown an overall accuracy of 97% and a kappa value of 0.71 and 0.70, respectively. The MMRI index was the most important variable in the RF classification in Qeshm and Khamir, while in Sirik, the SAVI index was the most important spectral index in mangrove map providing. The overall accuracy of over 95% at all three sites indicates that combining Sentinel-2 data using appropriate indices in the GEE is an effective approach to mangrove forest mapping
علوم زیستی دریا
Somayeh Zangeneh; Solmaz Kakeshian; Solmaz Shirali; Ahmad Savari; Hossein Najafzadeh Varzi; Abdolali Movahedinia; Mohammad Zakeri
Abstract
The present study has performed to investigate the effects of different levels of soy and garlic phytoestrogens on ovarian structure in Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). A total of 105 Yellowfin seabream were divided in seven groups including a control group that were received standard ...
Read More
The present study has performed to investigate the effects of different levels of soy and garlic phytoestrogens on ovarian structure in Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). A total of 105 Yellowfin seabream were divided in seven groups including a control group that were received standard food without any extract and six treatment groups that were received different doses of soy (2/5, 5 and 7/5%) and garlic (0/5, 1 and 2%) hydroalcoholic extract. Fish were fed daily at a rate of 3% of body weight twice for 14 days. Sampling was done in days of 0, 7, 10 and 14. In every time, a section of mid portion of gonad was cut for histological examination. The results showed that different doses of soy and garlic phytoestrogens have various effects on growth and development of gonad in Yellowfin seabream as a protandrous hermaphrodite fish, so that increase in dose and time of consumption of food containing garlic hydroalchoholic extract cause increase in number of vitellogenesis follicles and finally growth and development of ovary, while consumption of food containing soy hydroalcoholic extract cause observing of testis and immature ovaries containing previtellogenesis follicle and prevents gonad development from testis to ovary in protandrous hermaphrodite fish.
علوم زیستی دریا
Kobra Jalali; Babak Doustshenas; Ahmad Savari; Nasrin Sakhaei
Abstract
The transfer of alien and invasive species through the ballast water of vessels is one of the most important threats to aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the ballast water of 10 vessels entering the export port of Majidiyeh Mahshahr in 2018. A sampling of zooplankton from each ...
Read More
The transfer of alien and invasive species through the ballast water of vessels is one of the most important threats to aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the ballast water of 10 vessels entering the export port of Majidiyeh Mahshahr in 2018. A sampling of zooplankton from each vessel was performed by filtering 100 litres of ballast water of each vessel using a plankton sampling net with 50 μm mesh with three replications. Simultaneously, environmental factors including dissolved oxygen, acidity, temperature, and salinity were measured with 3 replications in the ballast water of the vessels. The results of a one-way analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between the vessels entering the export port of Majidiyeh in terms of the average density of Copepods. The highest average density 3.2×104 ind/m-3 and the number of species (36 species) related to ARGO1 ship from Bandar Abbas and the lowest average density 1×104 and the lowest number of species (24 species) belonged to PRECIGIOUS and GUNISHLI from Fujairah, UAE, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the average density of Copepods with temperature and dissolved oxygen. In total, 3 orders, 20 families, 28 genera, and 56 species were identified. All identified species except Oithona davisae have been previously reported from the Persian Gulf. O. davisae species was found only on the CONSTANTINOS ship from the port of Fujairah, UAE. It is native to the coastal waters of East Asia, especially around Japan and China, and has been reported in the Black Sea, the central Mediterranean, and more recently in the Aegean Sea. This research can be important for assessing the potential risk of new invasive species as well as for improving the quantitative and quality management practices of ships' ballast water.
علوم زیستی دریا
Solaleh Torabi; Mohammad Gholizadeh; Hojatollah JafarIan; Mohammad Farhanigi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the population of benthic invertebrates and their relationship with environmental factors of Gorgan Bay Inlet. The abundance of benthic invertebrates during 2017 in three seasons from 9 stations in three sites, bay mouth, Ashuradeh coast and sturgeon culture ...
Read More
The purpose of this study was to investigate the population of benthic invertebrates and their relationship with environmental factors of Gorgan Bay Inlet. The abundance of benthic invertebrates during 2017 in three seasons from 9 stations in three sites, bay mouth, Ashuradeh coast and sturgeon culture area was studied using three replicates (225 cm2). In this study, in total, fauna was identified: 3 phyla, 6 classes, 12 families and 12 Genus. Streblospio gynobranchiata (2347±177, 47%) and Hediste diversicolor (873±101, 17%) had the highest abundance. The highest species abundance was observed in spring and the lowest species abundance in autumn. The lowest Shannon (1.12) and Pielu index (0.62) were obtained in the sturgeon culture area. Also, the dbRDA graph based on DistLM model showed that temperature, salinity and clay temperature variables and sand, silt and dissolved oxygen variables were responsible for causing abundance of fauna among different stations in the sampling seasons. According to these results, it can be concluded that macrobenthos in different seasons and areas have many changes in abundance and diversity index. Therefore, when using these communities to assess the impact of environmental factors, their natural changes should be considered.
علوم زیستی دریا
Negin Derakhshesh; Abdolali Movahedinia; Negin Salamat; Mahmoud Hashemitabar; Vahid Bayati
Abstract
The liver is one of the most important organs of animals that know as a detoxifying and filtering toxin in the body and the most studies was used the target organ. In peresent study, hepatocytes were isolated from 8 immature grouper fish (equal to the number of male and female). Then, anesthetized fish ...
Read More
The liver is one of the most important organs of animals that know as a detoxifying and filtering toxin in the body and the most studies was used the target organ. In peresent study, hepatocytes were isolated from 8 immature grouper fish (equal to the number of male and female). Then, anesthetized fish and the head was separated from the body. The fish wiped with 70% etanol alchol. The liver was removed was cuted with scissors. Finally, the cells digested by collagen type 4. Then, the cells incubated in 30^C and 20% FBS+ITS during two weeks. The doses of pollutant (100 µM, 2*100 µM, 3*100 µM) added to samples, then were studied in 0, 6, 12 and 24 time. The morphological analysis exhibited that the cell death incubated by B[a]P polluted by concentration of 100 µm results in 50% of apoptosis cell death. Our finding from this study showed that using lower dosage of B[a]P during 24h treatment period cause inhibition of proliferation in time and dose dependent manner and higher doasage cause lysis and necrosis.
علوم زیستی دریا
Hamideh Zakariaei; Mohammad Sudagar; Seyedeh Sedighe Hoseini; Hamed Paknejad; Kartik Baruah
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of two species of Lactobacillus probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) extract singular and combined on digestive enzyme activities, body composition, survival, growth and microbial flora in ...
Read More
This study aimed to investigate the effect of two species of Lactobacillus probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) extract singular and combined on digestive enzyme activities, body composition, survival, growth and microbial flora in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). For this purpose, 7 experimental diets were evaluated in 3 replications. One-month-old aged zebrafish (D. rerio) (75.9±1 mg) were fed with experimental diets including: diet without probiotics and prebiotic as the control diet (diet 1), diet with 1% button mushroom extract as prebiotic (diet 2), diet with 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus acidophilus as probiotic (diet 3), diet with 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus bulgaricus as probiotic (diet 4), diet with 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus acidophilus in combination with 1% button mushroom extract as synbiotic1 (diet 5), diet with 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus bulgaricus in combination with 1% button mushroom extract as synbiotic2 (diet 6) and diet with 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus acidophilus, 107 CFU g-1 Lactobacillus bulgaricus and 1% button mushroom extract as synbiotic3 (diet 7) for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, Sampling was performed randomly to evaluate those mentioned factors. The results showed that the highest growth rate, specific growth rate and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed in the synbiotic treatments, which were significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the survival rate of all treatments with the control group (P <0.05). Also, the highest activity of digestive enzymes was observed in the group which fed with diet 7, which was significantly different from other treatments and control group (P <0.05). In addition, the highest amount of protein was observed in the treatment which fed with diet 7, which was significantly different from control group (P <0.05). However, this difference in fat, ash content and body moisture between control group and other treatments was not significant (P <0.05). The total number of intestinal microbial flora bacteria and lactic acid bacteria that was examined at the end of the period was significantly different from the control group in all treatments (P <0.05). But, there was no significant difference between all treatments with the control group 10 days after stopping feeding with the experimental diets (P <0.05). According to the results, feeding with synbiotics containing these probiotics in combination with button mushroom extract as a prebiotic had a positive effect on growth performance and digestive enzymes in Zebrafish (D.rerio), therefore, it can be recommended as a functional synbiotic in zebrafish (D. rerio) farming.
علوم زیستی دریا
Dariush Mohammadi kia; Ahmad Savari; Babk Dostshenas; Hossein Mohammad Asgari
Abstract
Plankton survey in coastal area of Southern Waters Qeshm was carried out in two season cold and warm and four stations (Parke Zeyton Beach, Soza Beach, Shibdraz Beach and Salakh Beach) during 2015 and 2016. In this study phytoplankton species belonging to 4 order Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms),Dinophyceae ...
Read More
Plankton survey in coastal area of Southern Waters Qeshm was carried out in two season cold and warm and four stations (Parke Zeyton Beach, Soza Beach, Shibdraz Beach and Salakh Beach) during 2015 and 2016. In this study phytoplankton species belonging to 4 order Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms),Dinophyceae (Dinofellagelates), Chlorophyceae and Cyanophceae (blue-green algae) were identified. phytoplankton identification was done until genus and 31 ditoms, 11 from dinofllagelates, 6 from Chlorophyceae and 4 genus from cyanophyceae were identified.The mean (± SE) of density, biodiversity indices of Simpson,Pielo Shannon and Margalef were respectively 6705.72±63.9 Cell/L, 0.82±0.34,1.12±0.17 , 1.9±0.19, and 2.61±0.38 in season warm and 5666.13±53.2 Cell/L, 0.77±0.06, 1.12±0.11 , 1.9±0.17 and 2.26±0.43 in season cold.The seasonal similarity based on Sorensen's and Jaccard's coefficients were highest (0.97 and 0.88) for - two season warm and cold. In addition, there were significant correlation between Simpson and Shannon-Weiner diversity with salinity and PO4, and phytoplankton density with salinity and pH. A ccording to the results obtained can be concluded that both the area of ecological conditions in ranks are instead moderate. Also, phytoplankton of diversity and richness is good.
علوم زیستی دریا
Noormohammad Safaei; Mehran Loghmani; Parvin Sadeghi
Abstract
The Makoran Sea is been influencing by the summer and winter monsoon currents, and this phenomenon is a natural stressor for species inhabiting the aquatic ecosystem, including bivalve molluscs. In the current study, the effect of winter monsoon on the sub-tidal bivalve densities of the northern coast ...
Read More
The Makoran Sea is been influencing by the summer and winter monsoon currents, and this phenomenon is a natural stressor for species inhabiting the aquatic ecosystem, including bivalve molluscs. In the current study, the effect of winter monsoon on the sub-tidal bivalve densities of the northern coast of Makoran were evaluated. Sampling of sediments were conducted from three regions of Ramin (3 stations), Beris (3 stations) and Pasabandar. Physical chemical parameters of transparency, salinity, acidity, temperature, organic matter, and grain size of each station were also obtained to investigate their relationship with density, which among the factors, only temperature, were significantly lower in the monsoon and pre-monsoon periods. In this study, 10 species of bivalves were identified, according to which Donax scalpellum with 13.37% had the highest and Trisidos tortuosa with 3.98% had the least frequency. The population of bivalves was calculated after Monsoon, with a frequency of 46.17% (mean 713 ±23.14 m2), pre-Manson, with 27% (mean of 413 ± 25.12 m2) and Monsoon, with 26% abundance. (413±13.34 m2). The pasabandar was (including stations 7, 8, 9 and 10), with an average density of 63±28.2 persons / m2 having the highest density in comparison to Beris (43±17.7) and Ramin (44±19.37). There was a significant difference between the stations. There was no significant positive correlation between silt and sand and temperature with density but no significant relationship between other environmental factors and organic matter with density. In general, it can be said that various factors are considered as parameters controlling the abundance and expansion of bivalve communities of different study areas and stations in the northern coastal waters of Makoran, including It is possible to name the factors of temperature, particle size and type of substrate, organic matter and nutrients, monsoon flows that have the most influence on the density of bivalve organisms.
علوم زیستی دریا
Shahram Behmanesh; Bagher Amiri Mojazi; Abdolmajid Haji Moradlo; Mahmoud Bahmani; Fereidoon Chakmehdouz Ghasemi; Sohrab Dejandian
Abstract
The ovarian histological characterization of European Catfish on Anzaly lagoon was investigated. 154 female’s specimen in different size were caught by trap, ovarian were fixed in bouin׳s liquid. Samples were fixed, dehydrated, clarified, embedded and stained by H&E method. The tissues were ...
Read More
The ovarian histological characterization of European Catfish on Anzaly lagoon was investigated. 154 female’s specimen in different size were caught by trap, ovarian were fixed in bouin׳s liquid. Samples were fixed, dehydrated, clarified, embedded and stained by H&E method. The tissues were supplied on 0.5µ size and analyzed by light microscope. The ovaries had six maturity stages which were as follow: Immature, Early Developing, Late Developing, Ripe Ovary, Running Ripe Ovary and Spent. Oocyte diameter was measured for 123 female’s specimen in the 2 to 5 maturity stages. In this study, the mean egg diameter, in stage II of gonad maturation was 1/4 mm and gradually increased in the later stages of development, in the fifth stage of the maturation process the average diameter reached to 2/36 mm and again in the sixth stage decreased the oocyte diameter. Also according the present study the type of gonad in this species under the climatic condition of Guilan Province was found on Group Synchronous and spawning in longer period.
علوم زیستی دریا
Somayye Sadat Alavian Petroody; Amir Hossein Hamidian; Soheil Eagderi; Sohrab Ashrafi
Abstract
Saccostrea cucullata is one of the widely spread oysters in south coasts of Iran. This study was conducted on 80 specimens of S. cucullata from coastal areas of the Laft port in the Qeshm Island in order to determine the relationships between growth factors and age. The population was divided into five ...
Read More
Saccostrea cucullata is one of the widely spread oysters in south coasts of Iran. This study was conducted on 80 specimens of S. cucullata from coastal areas of the Laft port in the Qeshm Island in order to determine the relationships between growth factors and age. The population was divided into five age groups. The 2 year-old and 5 year-old oysters had the highest and lowest number of individuals in the population, respectively. The lowest and highest values of the length, width, height, shell thickness and wet soft tissue weight of S. cucullata were 20-70 mm, 10-50 mm, 3.50-26.50 mm, 1.00-5.90 mm , 0.75-7.68 g, respectively. After testing the normality of the data, their relationships were investigated using correlation and regression. A weak but positive correlation with a significant linear relationship was found between age and growth factors. However, because of the weakness of the correlation, no precise criteria can be found for determination of age based on growth factors.
علوم زیستی دریا
Mojtaba Alishahi; Mohammad MehdiI Haghparast Radmard; Maryam Shokoohmand; Farid Barati
Abstract
Regarding expansion of Litopenaeus vanamei culture in Iran, and the necessity to work on its reproduction system, conducting a research on its biological reproduction and sexual properties is of high value and sexual properties. Then in this study morphological properties of L. vanamei's sperm were evaluated ...
Read More
Regarding expansion of Litopenaeus vanamei culture in Iran, and the necessity to work on its reproduction system, conducting a research on its biological reproduction and sexual properties is of high value and sexual properties. Then in this study morphological properties of L. vanamei's sperm were evaluated using phase contrast microscope, Atomic Force Microscopy technique and Electronic microscope. Wight of testis and spermotophore as well as density and survival rate of sperms were measured in L. vanamei. For this purpose, 20 mature male L. vanamei (35.37 ±4.3) were transferred from a local shrimp hatchery to laboratory. Biometrical indices as well as reproductive properties of shrimp (density, diameter and size of sperms, spermatophore weight and melanisation) were measured. Correlation coefficient between all indices were measured too. Results showed that testis and spermatophore weight were 0.18±o.01g and 0.08±0.01g respectively. Sperm count, survival rate and diameter of sperms were 41.19±3.83 per µl, %69.69±%2.39 and 39.36±10.8 respectively. The highest correlation coefficient was seen between shrimp weight and testis weight (R=0.958), sperm diameter (R=0.91) and sperm survival (R=0.716) respectively, although there was no significant correlation between abnormal sperm or melanized spermatophores and other biometrical indices.
علوم زیستی دریا
Fatemeh Elmi; Sekineh Khazaee Pool; Maryam Mitra Elmi
Abstract
Mineralized collagen has diverse biological advantages, biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, the process of mineralization of the protein collagen type I extracted from the scales of white fish (Rutilus Frisii Kutum), was investigated in the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). During immersion ...
Read More
Mineralized collagen has diverse biological advantages, biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, the process of mineralization of the protein collagen type I extracted from the scales of white fish (Rutilus Frisii Kutum), was investigated in the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). During immersion in SBF, tricalcium phosphate crystals were precipitated into collagen nanofibrils. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis confirmed the presence of type I collagen, including 3 spiral strands. Infrared Fourier Transform (FTIR) spectroscopy technique was used to characterize extracted collagen nanofibrils and mineralazied collagen. The presence of 60% of minerals in the mineralized Acid Soluble Collagen (ASC) was confirmed by TGA. DSC was used to determine the denaturation temperature of mineralized ASC at 147.5 °C, indicating a higher thermal stability of mineralized collagen. TEM images showed irregular and dense formation of tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles on collagen nanofibrils. Mineralized collagen protein can provide new insight into producing porous scaffolds for tissue engineering, dental implants, and providing medical equipment.
علوم زیستی دریا
Ainaz Khodanazary; Abdolmajid Hajomoradloo; Rasool Ghorbani
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of solid-state fermentation on quality properties, enzyme activity and apparent digestibility of nutrients of Kilka Anchovy. Kilka Anchovy meal were mixed with 25% wheat flour and inoculated with microorganisms (108 cell/ml) and kept in an incubator ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of solid-state fermentation on quality properties, enzyme activity and apparent digestibility of nutrients of Kilka Anchovy. Kilka Anchovy meal were mixed with 25% wheat flour and inoculated with microorganisms (108 cell/ml) and kept in an incubator for 14 days at 37 ºC. Comparison of oxidation and hydrolysis indexes at Kilka Anchovy silage inoculated with microorganisms showed that S. cerevisiae was the lower free fatty acid (7.62 µ mole/g fish) and peroxide (12.47 meq peroxide/1000g oil). The lowest nitrogen non protein of Anchovy Kilka silagr was shown with fish silage inoculated with L. plantarum and B. subtilis. The lowest thiobarbituric acid (8.40 mg malonaldehyde/ kg) was showed at fish silage inoculated with fungi A. niger. The highest α-amylase and acidic protease activites was shown at fish silage inoculated with fungi A. niger and yeasts (S. cerevisiae and S. carlesbergensis), respectively. The in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein with different levels of the fish silage increased. The highest of in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein was related to S. cerevisiae (P>0.05). Generally, the results showed that S. cerevisiae had the best quality properties, enzyme activity and digestibility of nutrient of fermented silage compared with other fish silage inoculated with other micoorganisms.
علوم زیستی دریا
Majid Shekari; Mohammad Ali Salari-Aliabadi; Ahmad Savari; Simin Dehghan Madise
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify and study the communities structure of adhesive organisms or the fouling of 13 years old artificial reefs on the coast of Bahrakan along the west of the Persian Gulf. fouling sample was collected seasonally from spring 2016 to winter 2016 from 4 sampling sites using ...
Read More
This study was conducted to identify and study the communities structure of adhesive organisms or the fouling of 13 years old artificial reefs on the coast of Bahrakan along the west of the Persian Gulf. fouling sample was collected seasonally from spring 2016 to winter 2016 from 4 sampling sites using quadrates 25 × 25 cm by diving operation. Based on the biomass (wet weight), Anthozoa corals with 88% of the total biomass, contain the most adhesive mass, followed by sponges (10%) and hydrozoa corals and Arthropod with 1% of the total biomass. The spring season showed the highest average rate, which was due to the biomass of the Antozoa group with 89% in this season. Based on the cluster test, the two winter and autumn seasons have a similar percentage of 80% and the summer and spring seasons show a similar percentage of 50%. Also, based on cluster analysis of two structures A, D, the similarity level of 45% and B, C indicate the similarity level of 80%
علوم زیستی دریا
Hamid Ramezani Aval Reiabi; Mehrdad Azin; Ali Sheykhinejad
Abstract
Increased population growth and the creation of major economic powers has led to increase in the world's energy consumption. In 2008, 88% of the energy consumption of the world was formed by fossil fuels. Since in Iran, fuel for transportation system produces the essential pollutants, substituting these ...
Read More
Increased population growth and the creation of major economic powers has led to increase in the world's energy consumption. In 2008, 88% of the energy consumption of the world was formed by fossil fuels. Since in Iran, fuel for transportation system produces the essential pollutants, substituting these fuels with biofuels, including bioethanol and biodiesel, can effectively reduce pollution in the environment. Some species of microalgae, have the ability to store high levels of carbohydrates, rather than lipids. These microalgae are good candidates for the production of bioethanol since the carbohydrates in their biomass, can be extracted and fermented to bioethanol. The purpose of this study was to optimize the microalgae culture, to increase the production of starch. This study was performed in laboratory scale. The microalga Chlorella vulgaris was procured from Persian Type Culture Collection (PTCC) of Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. Culture media BBM and Z8 were selected for growth and production of starch. Optical density, cell counting and dry biomass were measured in these media. Regarding significant difference (P
علوم زیستی دریا
maryam moazami; Mohammad Ali Salari-Aliabadi; bita archangi; Hossein Zolgharnein; Ahmad ghasemi
Abstract
In this study, genetic diversity of Pinctada persica population was evaluated using PCR-RFLP method. To determine and compare genetic diversity of P. persica populations in khark, shidvar, hendurabi and larak islands, 51 samples were collected from 1-6 m depths. DNA of samples was extracted by CTAB method. ...
Read More
In this study, genetic diversity of Pinctada persica population was evaluated using PCR-RFLP method. To determine and compare genetic diversity of P. persica populations in khark, shidvar, hendurabi and larak islands, 51 samples were collected from 1-6 m depths. DNA of samples was extracted by CTAB method. A pair of primers of Pinctada persica was used for polymerase chain reaction. Enzymatic digestion of PCR yield was performed using, AvaΙΙ, DdeΙ, HindIII, SfaNΙ and TaqΙ restriction enzymes. DNAs were collected and stained with silver staining after subjected to poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis The results revealed that electrophoresis and enzymatic digestion fragments of the 51 samples collected from four stations in the northern coast of Persian Gulf with all 5 enzymes were the same The results of this study confirm that Pinctada persica Based on the studied gene is completely homogenous in these stations and show no genetic diversity.
علوم زیستی دریا
MAHMOOD SINAEI; mehdi blouki
Abstract
The effects of using the biorock method on the growth and survival of coral (Pocillopora damicornis( in the Chabahar Bay were evaluated. Coral pieces were placed on steel structures under a 6V electric field in the biorock process. The coral growth, growth performance and survival rates of corals during ...
Read More
The effects of using the biorock method on the growth and survival of coral (Pocillopora damicornis( in the Chabahar Bay were evaluated. Coral pieces were placed on steel structures under a 6V electric field in the biorock process. The coral growth, growth performance and survival rates of corals during the twenty-eight weeks were studied. The mean coral growth in the biorock structure was 10.66 ± 0.3cm and the mean coral growth was 5.27 ± 0.2 cm in the non biorock structure. The results show a significant difference between coral growth in the biorock with non biorock structures (p
علوم زیستی دریا
Nasrin Sakhaei; Masomeh Sheyamizadeh; Babak Doustshenas; Ahmad Savari; Mohammad bagher Nabavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate the density and distribution of copepoda and cladosera and the structural analysis of their dominant species in the Arvand river by SEM (scaning electron microscope). Sampling was conducted with 50 μm mesh size plankton net at 6 stations and ...
Read More
The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate the density and distribution of copepoda and cladosera and the structural analysis of their dominant species in the Arvand river by SEM (scaning electron microscope). Sampling was conducted with 50 μm mesh size plankton net at 6 stations and four times (in different seasons) with three reputation. The samples were detected by phase contrast microscopy and SEM. Totally 15 species of copepoda and 5 species of cladocera were identified in the river. The highest density of planktonic crustaceans including copepoda and cladocera with a mean density of 9481 and 3155 individuals per cubic meter was calculated in summer. These species, Acartia faoensis, Canthocalanus pauper, Subecalanus flemingeri, Labidocera acuta, which accounted for 61% of the total copepods abundance and 54% of the cladosera abundance were related to Moina macrocopa and Daphnia longisoina. The integrity of river were study using saprobic index which showed mesosaprobic-β (medium pollution) with mean 2.48 point.
علوم زیستی دریا
babak lvhnd; Hassan Zare Maivan; Mona Sorahinobar; Mehri Seyed Hashtroudi
Abstract
Gene expression studies could provide insight into the physiological mechanisms and strategies used by plants under stress conditions. Selection of suitable internal control gene(s) is essential to accurately assess gene expression levels. For the mangrove plant, Avicennia marina, reliable reference ...
Read More
Gene expression studies could provide insight into the physiological mechanisms and strategies used by plants under stress conditions. Selection of suitable internal control gene(s) is essential to accurately assess gene expression levels. For the mangrove plant, Avicennia marina, reliable reference genes to normalize real-time quantitative PCR data has not been previously investigated. In this study, the expression stabilities of four candidate reference genes [Actin 2 (ACT2),Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A subunit A3 (PP2AA3),TIP-Like (TIP), polyubiquitin 10 (UBQ)] were determined in leaves and roots of A. marina treated by different level of oils contamination . Three software programs (Bestkeeper, NormFinder and geNorm) were employed to analyze and rank the tested genes. Results showed that ACT2 was the most suitable reference gene in A. marina and the combination of two or three genes was recommended for greater accuracy. Identification of A. marina reference genes in a wide range of experimental samples will provide a useful reference in future gene expression studies in this species, particularly involving similar stresses.
علوم زیستی دریا
alireza safahieh; yaqub jaddi; abdol ali movahedinia; ali hallajian; sohrab dajandian
Abstract
The actue toxicity test was performed instatic renewal system based on the standared method Proposed by OECD during 96 h, in which physicochemical parameters of test water including pH, dissolved oxygen and Temprature were daily monitored. to determine the lethal range of diazinon of fish a range finding ...
Read More
The actue toxicity test was performed instatic renewal system based on the standared method Proposed by OECD during 96 h, in which physicochemical parameters of test water including pH, dissolved oxygen and Temprature were daily monitored. to determine the lethal range of diazinon of fish a range finding test was carried out in aquariums coutaing 10 L of test solution. The acute toxicity test was then preformed in 5 treatment in triplicats. The obtained data were analyzed using probit analysis with %5 confidence limit. acording to the results, 24 h LC50, 48 h LC50, 72 h LC50 and 96 h LC50 of diazinon on common seabream was 10/974, 10/391, 9/134 and 7/316 respectively. The Maxium Acceptable Toxicant Concentration (MATC) of diazinon on common seabream was 0/073 mg/l and the Lowest observed effect concentration wich is equal to 96 h LC50 was 2.63 mg/l. The results indicated that compared to other fishes is more resistant against diazinon . in addition diazinon lethal toxicity takes place in a waide range of toxicant concentration.